{"id":15265,"date":"2022-01-03T07:22:43","date_gmt":"2022-01-03T07:22:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.imalbania.com\/kosova\/a-do-te-shperbehet-bosnja-ne-vitin-2022\/"},"modified":"2022-01-03T07:22:43","modified_gmt":"2022-01-03T07:22:43","slug":"a-do-te-shperbehet-bosnja-ne-vitin-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.imalbania.com\/kosova\/a-do-te-shperbehet-bosnja-ne-vitin-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"A do t\u00eb shp\u00ebrb\u00ebhet Bosnja n\u00eb vitin 2022?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Mirko Ze\u00e7eviq Tadiq ishte pjes\u00ebtar i K\u00ebshillit p\u00ebr Mbrojtje kroate gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Ai kishte arritur mosh\u00ebn madhore n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur shp\u00ebrthyen luftimet m\u00eb 1992 dhe m\u00eb pas humbi k\u00ebmb\u00ebn e tij t\u00eb djatht\u00eb gjat\u00eb konfliktit nd\u00ebrmjet shumic\u00ebs boshnjake, serb\u00ebve dhe kroat\u00ebve, q\u00eb jetonin n\u00eb ish-republik\u00ebn Jugosllave.<\/p>\n

Pothuajse tri dekada m\u00eb von\u00eb, 47-vje\u00e7ari, banor i B\u00ebr\u00e7kos, n\u00eb veri t\u00eb Bosnje e Hercegovin\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e grupit p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetjen e veteran\u00ebve, q\u00eb quhet Pravipozar.<\/p>\n

\u201cNe humb\u00ebn shum\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb: miq dhe t\u00eb af\u00ebrm. Asnj\u00ebri nga ne nuk fitoi di\u00e7ka, pavar\u00ebsisht se ku \u00ebsht\u00eb\u201d, tha Tadiq p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimin e Ballkanit t\u00eb Radios Evropa e Lir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

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\"Grupi<\/div>\n<\/div>
Grupi p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetjen e veteran\u00ebve Pravipozar.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 se ndihmon ish-ushtar\u00ebt nga t\u00eb gjitha entitetet, ai dhe an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtij grupi takohen edhe me gjeneratat e reja p\u00ebr t\u2019iu treguar eksperiencat e tyre lidhur me tmerret e luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Ballkan.<\/p>\n

\u201cNe duam t\u00eb t\u00ebrheqim v\u00ebmendjen n\u00eb faktin se ne q\u00eb ishim n\u00eb at\u00eb luft\u00eb n\u00eb vitet 1990 dhe q\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuam sfidat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb theksojm\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb folur dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ecur drejt nj\u00eb jete m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb. Ne nuk kemi nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr nj\u00eb luft\u00eb t\u00eb re ose p\u00ebr nj\u00eb konflikt t\u00eb ri\u201d, tha Tadiq.<\/p>\n

Mesazhi i k\u00ebtyre veteran\u00ebve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs kishte nj\u00eb pesh\u00eb t\u00eb re m\u00eb 2021 teksa u rrit frika p\u00ebr\u00a0nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrje t\u00eb rr\u00ebmujshme t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs<\/a><\/strong>, e cila ende qeveriset sipas marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb paqes t\u00eb vitit 1995, e njohur si Marr\u00ebveshja e Dejtonit, q\u00eb ndan vendin n\u00eb nj\u00eb federat\u00eb boshnjake dhe kroate dhe nj\u00eb entitet me shumic\u00eb serbe, e njohur si Republika S\u00ebrpska.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto shqet\u00ebsime jan\u00eb nxitur nga krizat kushtetuese dhe k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet p\u00ebr shk\u00ebputjen e serb\u00ebve t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs, s\u00eb bashku edhe me bojkotimin e planifikuar t\u00eb zgjedhjeve komb\u00ebtare q\u00eb mbahen m\u00eb 2022. Ankesat e b\u00ebra p\u00ebr dekada t\u00eb t\u00ebra kan\u00eb hidh\u00ebruar kroat\u00ebt e Bonj\u00ebs, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb pak\u00ebnaqur me p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimin e tyre n\u00eb institucionet federale dhe komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

Disa boshnjak\u00eb, dhe disa v\u00ebzhgues t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, kan\u00eb shprehur shqet\u00ebsimin e tyre se n\u00ebse viti 2022 mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb viti kur mund t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto pak\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi mund t\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb konflikt t\u00eb armatosur.<\/p>\n

\u201cViti i 2022, dhe ndoshta edhe nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb pak m\u00eb e gjat\u00eb, do t\u00eb jet\u00eb vendimtar\u201d, tha Marko Prelec, konsulent dhe analist p\u00ebr Ballkanin, q\u00eb punon edhe p\u00ebr Grupin e Krizave. Ai e cil\u00ebson at\u00eb si \u201cndoshta kriz\u00ebn m\u00eb serioze, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn n\u00eb 20 vjet\u00ebt e fundit, pra q\u00eb nga vitet e hershme t\u00eb Dejtonit\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ai nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi q\u00eb ka k\u00ebt\u00eb mendim.<\/p>\n

\u2018K\u00ebrc\u00ebnimi ekzistencial\u2019 i Bosnj\u00ebs<\/strong><\/h3>\n

P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi i ri i Lart\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar n\u00eb Bosnje, Christian Schmidt, ka paralajm\u00ebruar Kombet e Bashkuara se situata paraqet \u201ck\u00ebrc\u00ebnimin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh ekzistencial n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e pasluft\u00ebs\u201d n\u00eb Bosnje.<\/p>\n

Shumica e analist\u00ebve pajtohen. Por, ata thon\u00eb se p\u00ebrderisa nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtohet plot\u00ebsisht mund\u00ebsia se mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb dhun\u00eb n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi e till\u00eb ka pak gjasa t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb arsyesh.<\/p>\n

\u201cUn\u00eb mendoj se \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim ekzistencial p\u00ebr Bosnj\u00ebn, por jo n\u00eb kuptimin q\u00eb do t\u00eb ket\u00eb kthim n\u00eb luft\u00ebn e stilit t\u00eb viteve \u201890\u201d, tha Toby Vogel, analist p\u00ebr Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor dhe bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor n\u00eb K\u00ebshillin e Politikave t\u00eb Demokratizimit.<\/p>\n

\u201cMendoj se kjo ka pak gjasa t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb, ndoshta \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe e pamundur \u2013 edhe pse nuk do t\u00eb doja domosdoshm\u00ebrish t\u00eb thosha se k\u00ebshtu do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb\u201d, shtoi ai.<\/p>\n

Rreth 105,000 persona vdiq\u00ebn n\u00eb luft\u00ebn e Bosnj\u00ebs q\u00eb u zhvillua n\u00eb vitet 1992-95. Shumica e viktimave, apo dy e treta e tyre ishin boshnjak\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkaq 23,000 ishin serb\u00eb dhe 9,000 kroat\u00eb, kan\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb hulumtuesit e krimeve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Hag\u00eb. Ky konflikt ishte ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht brutal p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb \u201cspastrimit etnik\u201d q\u00eb shoq\u00ebroi luftimet.<\/p>\n

Analist\u00ebt than\u00eb se q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb popullsia e Bosnj\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb plakur n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme, pjes\u00ebrisht fal\u00eb nj\u00eb eksodi t\u00eb t\u00eb rinjve q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb pun\u00eb dhe perspektiv\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb jasht\u00eb vendit, dhe popullsia e k\u00ebtij shteti ka m\u00eb pak trajnime ushtarake dhe ndoshta edhe m\u00eb pak arm\u00eb. Territori i Bosnj\u00ebs tani gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb homogjen etnikisht.<\/p>\n

Por, ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb brengosur p\u00ebr fatin e shtetit, p\u00ebr tre milion\u00eb banor\u00ebt e Bosnj\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr rajonin.<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00ebrc\u00ebnimi ekzistencial p\u00ebr Bonj\u00ebn un\u00eb nuk e shoh aq shum\u00eb si nj\u00eb luft\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet forcave t\u00eb armatosura t\u00eb organizuara, por m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtimin e shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjes graduale t\u00eb shtetit t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, t\u00eb institucioneve shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb Bosnje e Hercegovin\u00ebs\u201d, tha Vogel.<\/p>\n

Ai shtoi se \u201c\u00ebsht\u00eb intensifikuar shkat\u00ebrrimi i themeleve t\u00eb shtetit\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cAjo \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt i dhun\u00ebs q\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb \u2018konflikt t\u00eb ngrir\u00eb\u2019 dhe n\u00eb thelb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar. Dhe ne nuk na duhet edhe nj\u00eb Transdniester ose nj\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb Oseti Jugore n\u00eb Ballkan\u201d, tha Prelec duke iu referuar konflikteve t\u00eb pazgjidhura n\u00eb rajonet e shk\u00ebputura n\u00eb Moldavi, respektivisht n\u00eb Gjeorgji.<\/p>\n

Kampe t\u00eb \u201cmira\u201d dhe t\u00eb \u201ck\u00ebqija\u201d?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ka nj\u00eb konsensus t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb v\u00ebzhguesve n\u00eb Ballkan se korniza e Dejtonit ishte e suksesshme n\u00eb rikrijimin, e t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nj\u00eb shteti pjes\u00ebrisht funksional dhe lejimin q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb jetojn\u00eb jet\u00ebn e tyre. Por, ata mendojn\u00eb se marr\u00ebveshja ka d\u00ebshtuar t\u00eb vendos\u00eb nj\u00eb themel t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm kushtetues. N\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb alternative m\u00eb t\u00eb pranueshme, kjo marr\u00ebveshje ndoshta duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mjaftueshme tani p\u00ebr tani.<\/p>\n

\u201cNdoshta pika m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb se ju keni nj\u00eb situat\u00eb ku p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e komuniteteve t\u00eb ndryshme \u2013 sido q\u00eb duan ta definojn\u00eb veten e tyre \u2013 jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndar\u00eb pothuajse 50 me 50 n\u00eb mes t\u00eb atyre q\u00eb duan t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb projektin e shtetnd\u00ebrtimit dhe t\u00eb punojn\u00eb edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb qeverin\u00eb shtet\u00ebrore me seli n\u00eb Sarajev\u00eb, dhe atyre q\u00eb duan ta kthejn\u00eb at\u00eb, ose deri n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb federate me m\u00eb shum\u00eb liri ose t\u00eb shkojn\u00eb deri n\u00eb shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen e institucioneve aktuale p\u00ebrmes ndarjes dhe pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb\u201d, tha Prelec.<\/p>\n

Ka nj\u00eb korrelacion midis p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsis\u00eb etnike dhe p\u00ebrkushtimit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb komb\u00ebsi boshnjake apo t\u00eb institucioneve komb\u00ebtare, tha ai, por gjithashtu ka nj\u00eb kryq\u00ebzim \u201cq\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i pap\u00ebrfillsh\u00ebm\u201d nd\u00ebrmjet serb\u00ebve, kroat\u00ebve dhe boshnjak\u00ebve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk pajtohen me shumic\u00ebn e tyre p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse.<\/p>\n

\u201cKjo n\u00ebnkupton se askush nuk mund t\u00eb marr\u00eb iniciativ\u00ebn\u201d, tha Prelec. Ai argumentoi se ka nj\u00eb keqkuptim lidhur me at\u00eb se \u201cshteti \u00ebsht\u00eb i ndar\u00eb n\u00eb kampe \u2018t\u00eb mira\u2019 dhe t\u00eb \u2018k\u00ebqija\u2019 dhe se n\u00eb \u2018kampin e keq\u2019 jan\u00eb nacionalist\u00ebt dhe n\u00eb at\u00eb \u2018t\u00eb mir\u00eb\u2019 jan\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt progresiv\u00eb, pro-shtet\u00ebror\u00eb dhe pro-evropian\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cKjo me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb na pengon q\u00eb t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb se t\u00eb gjitha partit\u00eb, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, po p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr zgjedh\u00ebsit e tyre\u201d, tha Prelec.<\/p>\n

Faktori Dodik<\/strong><\/h3>\n

N\u00eb krejt k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb, P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi i Lart\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar n\u00eb largim, Valentin Inzko n\u00eb muajin korrik t\u00eb vitit 2021 vendosi q\u00eb t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb mohimin e gjenocidit, vendim ky q\u00eb zem\u00ebroi an\u00ebtarin serb t\u00eb Presidenc\u00ebs trepal\u00ebshe, Millorad Dodik.<\/p>\n

Inzko p\u00ebrdori fuqit\u00eb e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar mohimin e gjenocideve t\u00eb njohura n\u00eb Bosnje apo nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtarisht, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb masakra n\u00eb Srebrenic\u00eb m\u00eb 1995, ku forcat serbe t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs vran\u00eb 8,000 burra dhe djem, kryesisht mysliman\u00eb. Ai po ashtu rr\u00ebzoi disa vendime p\u00ebr nderimin e disa kriminel\u00ebve t\u00eb d\u00ebnuar t\u00eb luft\u00ebs si dhe ndaloi gjuh\u00ebn e urrejtjes.<\/p>\n

Ekspert\u00ebt than\u00eb se pavar\u00ebsisht sa q\u00ebllime t\u00eb mira ka mundur t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasur vendimi i Inzkos, ky vendim ishte shum\u00eb i pap\u00eblqyer n\u00eb mesin e shum\u00eb serb\u00ebve dhe ndoshta u mor n\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gabuar, pasi Inzko po p\u00ebrgatitej q\u00eb t\u2019ia dor\u00ebzonte mandatin pasardh\u00ebsit t\u00eb tij, Schmidt.<\/p>\n

\u201cKjo me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e zem\u00ebroi Dodikun\u201d, tha Vogel. Me k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e Dodikut, ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebsit e Republik\u00ebs S\u00ebrpska dhe presidentja e k\u00ebsaj republike, n\u00eb muajin tetor sfiduan autoritetin e Komisionarit t\u00eb Lart\u00eb duke ndaluar zbatimin e kufizimeve t\u00eb tij dhe duke ndaluar sugjerimet se Republika S\u00ebrpska \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar si rezultat i spastrimit etnik.<\/p>\n

Dodik po ashtu njoftoi se Republika S\u00ebrspka shum\u00eb shpejt do t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej nga ushtria e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt e shtetit, nga institucionet e drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe administrata tatimore dhe do t\u00eb vendos\u00eb autoritetin e saj kufitar.<\/p>\n

Me autoritetin e diskutuesh\u00ebm, Parlamenti i Republik\u00ebs S\u00ebrpska q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb ka shtyr\u00eb p\u00ebrpara p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr ndarje, ka b\u00ebr\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr draftimin e nj\u00eb kushtetute t\u00eb re dhe i ka shpallur\u00a0jokushtetuese<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>t\u00eb gjitha ligjet q\u00eb i ka nxjerr\u00eb P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi i Lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e paqart\u00eb sesa e thell\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr Dodikun ose deri ku \u00ebsht\u00eb ai i gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb shtyj\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat e tij. Duke i q\u00ebndruar pas k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit t\u00eb tij t\u00eb kamotsh\u00ebm se do t\u00eb shpall\u00eb pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb nga Bosnja, jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb do ta d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb korniz\u00ebn e Dejtonit, por mund t\u00eb nxis\u00eb dhun\u00eb n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Prelec tha se \u201cinterpretimi m\u00eb shpres\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb se ajo q\u00eb Dodiku d\u00ebshiron \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj marr\u00ebveshjeje relativisht leht\u00eb e rinegociuar, q\u00eb thjesht do t\u00eb forconte autonomin\u00eb q\u00eb ata tashm\u00eb e kan\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n

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\"An\u00ebtari<\/div>\n<\/div>
An\u00ebtari i Presidenc\u00ebs trepal\u00ebshe t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs, Millorad Dodik.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Analist\u00ebt sugjerojn\u00eb se nuk ka nj\u00eb mas\u00eb kritike brenda komunitetit t\u00eb serb\u00ebve t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtyr\u00eb p\u00ebrpara p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr ndarje, megjith\u00ebse Dodiku edhe n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn \u00ebsht\u00eb njohur si njeri q\u00eb b\u00ebn deklarata p\u00ebr gj\u00ebra q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb realizohen.<\/p>\n

\u201cDodiku \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i mir\u00eb n\u00eb testimin e vijave t\u00eb kuqe dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb sesa larg mund t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb dhe un\u00eb mendoj se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht ajo q\u00eb po shohim tani\u201d, tha Florian Bieber, drejtor n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn p\u00ebr Studime t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Juglindore n\u00eb Universitetin e Gracit.<\/p>\n

Ai tha se Dodiku edhe n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn ka k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar se do ta shkat\u00ebrroj\u00eb shtetin e Bonj\u00ebs dhe tani ai \u201cpo e b\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb imagjinueshme dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb po shtyn p\u00ebrpara agjend\u00ebn e tij\u201d.<\/p>\n

Mlladen Lisanin, hulumtues n\u00eb Institutin p\u00ebr Studime Politike n\u00eb Beograd, paralajm\u00ebron se n\u00ebse Dodiku \u00ebsht\u00eb i pap\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar dhun\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjen e tij q\u00eb t\u00eb fitoj\u00eb pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb,\u00a0deklaratat e tij<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0dhe kund\u00ebrk\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet q\u00eb pasojn\u00eb, rrezikojn\u00eb pasoja t\u00eb r\u00ebnda n\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e Bosnj\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

\u201cMendoj se edhe p\u00ebr (Dodikun) dhe rrethin e tij t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebshilltar\u00ebve dhe njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb punojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb, dhuna fizike aktualisht \u00ebsht\u00eb vij\u00eb e kuqe, sepse n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, ka shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb goditje fatale p\u00ebr karrier\u00ebn e tij politike, n\u00eb terma afatgjat\u00eb \u2013 edhe n\u00ebse ai nuk i intereson jeta e njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn S\u00ebrpska dhe n\u00eb Federat\u00ebn e Bosnje e Hercegovin\u00eb\u201d, tha Lisanin.<\/p>\n

\u201cRreziku \u00ebsht\u00eb, sigurisht, se n\u00ebse nuk jeni gati t\u00eb veproni n\u00eb lidhje me k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet tuaja p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e forc\u00ebs, kjo nuk n\u00ebnkupton q\u00eb dikush tjet\u00ebr nuk iu merr seriozisht sepse askush nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i obliguar q\u00eb t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb logjik\u00ebn tuaj politike q\u00eb fshihet pas retorik\u00ebs suaj t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr\u201d, shtoi ai.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00ebr\u00e7i rreth zgjedhjeve<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Nd\u00ebrkaq, nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb tjet\u00ebr tashm\u00eb ka paralizuar institucionet e tjera, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht ato n\u00eb Federat\u00ebn boshnjake dhe kroate dhe k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon q\u00eb t\u00eb prish\u00eb zgjedhjet q\u00eb jan\u00eb parapar\u00eb t\u00eb mbahen n\u00eb tetor, t\u00eb cilat ve\u00e7se jan\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrimeve p\u00ebr bojkot, si nga serb\u00ebt, ashtu edhe nga kroat\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Kroat\u00ebt e Bosnj\u00ebs p\u00ebr vite me radh\u00eb jan\u00eb ankuar se p\u00ebr dallim nga boshnjak\u00ebt dhe serb\u00ebt, ata nuk kan\u00eb shumic\u00eb n\u00eb asnj\u00eb \u201centitet\u201d, q\u00eb doli si rrjedhoj\u00eb e korniz\u00ebs s\u00eb Dejtonit.<\/p>\n

An\u00ebtari kroat i Presidenc\u00ebs trepal\u00ebshe t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjedhur n\u00eb dy zgjedhjet e fundit duke u mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb e votave nga shumica boshnjake pa mb\u00ebshtetjen e partis\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb etnis\u00eb kroate, Bashkimit Demokratik Kroat t\u00eb Dragan \u00c7oviqit.<\/p>\n

Boshnjak\u00ebt me vendosm\u00ebri i kan\u00eb rezistuar thirrjeve p\u00ebr formimin e nj\u00eb qarku me shumic\u00eb kroate, duke e shtyr\u00eb \u00c7oviqin dhe partin\u00eb e tij q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpres\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimin me homolog\u00ebt e tij boshnjak\u00eb n\u00eb shum\u00eb forume.<\/p>\n

\u201cQart\u00ebsisht, Republika S\u00ebrpska dhe Dodiku jan\u00eb n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebmendjes, jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb retorik\u00ebs s\u00eb tij t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr, por mendoj se situata me p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimin kroat n\u00eb Presidenc\u00ebn e shtetit duhet t\u00eb adresohet dhe duhet t\u00eb adresohet shum\u00eb shpejt\u201d, tha Lisanin.<\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb vendime t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs evropiane p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut dhe t\u00eb Komisionit t\u00eb Venecias kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr ndryshime q\u00eb do t\u00eb eliminonin sistemin aktual q\u00eb bazohet n\u00eb etni p\u00ebr votuesit dhe kandidat\u00ebt n\u00eb Bosnje.<\/p>\n

Sipas Lsanin, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb prej atyre krizave q\u00eb thjesht kan\u00eb ndodhur gjat\u00eb 26 vjet\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit.<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00eb periudha t\u00eb ndryshme, ato (krizat) shfaqen n\u00eb forma t\u00eb ndryshme, por realisht asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb tejkaluar\u201d, tha Lisanin.<\/p>\n

Shtetet e Bashkuara\u00a0kan\u00eb em\u00ebruar<\/a><\/strong> Matthew Palmer t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm p\u00ebr reform\u00ebn zgjedhore n\u00eb Bosnje. Em\u00ebrimi i Palmerit \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar n\u00eb kap\u00ebrcimin e ng\u00ebr\u00e7it lidhur me reform\u00ebn. Vogel sugjeroi se Bashkimi Evropian dhe SHBA-ja \u201cdo t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb t\u00eb sigurohen q\u00eb k\u00ebto zgjedhje t\u00eb mbahen\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ai tha se \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dijeni p\u00ebr k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet e b\u00ebra nga Dodiku dhe \u00c7oviqi p\u00ebr bojkot dhe ndoshta p\u00ebr t\u00eb prishur zgjedhjet e tetorit, por paralajm\u00ebroi kund\u00ebr koncesioneve afatshkurtra, t\u00eb cilat, sipas tij, \u201cthellojn\u00eb ndarjet artificiale dhe forcojn\u00eb fuqin\u00eb e partive nacionaliste\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00ebshtu q\u00eb tani mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb moment i presionit t\u00eb madh, i kontestimit t\u00eb madh\u201d, tha Vogel.<\/p>\n

Afati po afrohet p\u00ebr miratimin e reform\u00ebs zgjedhore, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mbahen zgjedhjet e tetorit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb reform\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje e p\u00ebrgjithshme, e cila do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zbatohet t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn gjasht\u00eb muaj para mbajtjes s\u00eb votimeve.<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00eb Bosnje gjithmon\u00eb ka dritare t\u00eb ngushta mund\u00ebsish, momente kur mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihesh n\u00eb reforma \u2013 dhe k\u00ebt\u00eb nuk mund ta b\u00ebsh n\u00eb vitet zgjedhore\u201d, tha Bieber.<\/p>\n

Ai nuk parashikoi se mund t\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb p\u00ebr kushtetut\u00ebn e Dejtonit.<\/p>\n

\u201cNuk shoh se mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhme t\u00eb af\u00ebrt\u201d, tha Bieber.<\/p>\n

\u201cDhe, \u00e7far\u00ebdo reformash t\u00eb Dejtonit q\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebhen, ato nuk do t\u00eb mund ta ndryshojn\u00eb dinamik\u00ebn e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb vendit n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore, sepse cilado qoft\u00eb zgjidhja, n\u00eb t\u00eb ende do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb nj\u00eb Republik\u00eb S\u00ebrpska, ato s\u00ebrish do t\u00eb ket\u00eb aktor\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb ndar\u00eb n\u00eb baz\u00eb etnike\u2026 dhe sistemin klientelist q\u00eb ata kan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar gjat\u00eb dekadave t\u00eb fundit\u201d, shtoi ai.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkaq, sipas Lisanin, \u00ebsht\u00eb e pap\u00ebrshtatshme dhe potencialisht e rrezikshme t\u00eb kesh institucione q\u00eb nuk funksionojn\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb afatgjate.<\/p>\n

\u201cMegjithat\u00eb, ajo \u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e rrezikshme \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb trajtoni zhvillimet e p\u00ebrditshme si ngjarje t\u00eb izoluara dhe incidente t\u00eb izoluara, dhe t\u00eb mos e shihni t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb kontekst t\u00eb procesit q\u00eb ka vazhduar p\u00ebr mbi 20 vjet dhe shum\u00eb leht\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjas\u00eb edhe n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb apo 20 vjet\u00ebt e ardhsh\u00ebm\u201d, tha Lisanin.<\/p>\n

Ai sugjeroi se tani p\u00ebr tani do t\u00eb mjaftonte \u201ct\u00eb d\u00ebrgohej sinjal tek aktor\u00ebt politik\u00eb se ata njihen si p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues legjitim brenda komuniteteve t\u00eb tyre\u201d.<\/p>\n

Sinjalet e rrezikshme<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Por, zgjidhjet e shpejta p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shtet q\u00eb ka probleme t\u00eb rr\u00ebnjosura kaq thell\u00eb, i b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt m\u00eb nervoz\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u201cUn\u00eb nuk jam dikush q\u00eb besoj se stabiliteti \u00ebsht\u00eb gj\u00ebja m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb mund t\u00eb arrihet. Un\u00eb mendoj se nj\u00eb qeveri e p\u00ebrgjegjshme dhe demokratike, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme sesa n\u00ebse nj\u00eb situat\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr momentin \u00ebsht\u00eb paksa e paq\u00ebndrueshme\u201d, tha Vogel.<\/p>\n

Por, ai paralajm\u00ebroi se \u201cproblemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se ne kemi hequr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb parmak\u00ebt mbrojt\u00ebs\u201d. Lejimi i lider\u00ebve etnik\u00eb si Dodik dhe \u00c7oviq t\u00eb \u201cdetyrojn\u00eb komunitetin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb diskutojn\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje q\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb panegociueshme\u201d, sipas Vogel, \u00ebsht\u00eb gabim.<\/p>\n

Ekspert\u00ebt kan\u00eb treguar se cilat gj\u00ebra duhet t\u00eb shikohen m\u00eb 2022 p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se n\u00ebse n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb Bosnja do t\u00eb shp\u00ebrb\u00ebhet.<\/p>\n

Ata kan\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb se shpallja e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb nga Republika S\u00ebrpska apo formimi zyrtar i ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb Republik\u00ebs S\u00ebrpska \u2013 dy gj\u00ebra q\u00eb Dodiku ve\u00e7se i ka diskutuar publikisht \u2013 mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb nj\u00eb prej momenteve t\u00eb tilla q\u00eb do t\u00eb linin t\u00eb kuptohet se Bosnja do t\u00eb shp\u00ebrb\u00ebhet.<\/p>\n

Prelec tha se p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u201cnj\u00eb situat\u00eb ku dy pal\u00ebt thjesht po injorojn\u00eb ligjet e nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebs, jan\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb hapash n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjes\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cP\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, shtoni edhe faktin q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb do t\u00eb zgjidhen n\u00eb zgjedhjet e tetorit nuk do t\u00eb njihen nga gjysma e shtetit p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb bojkotit, dhe ky do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb hap tjet\u00ebr i madh\u201d, shtoi Prelec.<\/p>\n

Vogel tha se dhuna mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb shkaktar tjet\u00ebr i pakthyesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00ebse krijohen kushtet p\u00ebr luft\u00eb, kjo nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebr fajin e popullit t\u00eb Bosnje e Hercegovin\u00ebs\u201d, than\u00eb aktivistet kund\u00ebr luft\u00ebs, Gorana Mlinareviq dhe Nela Porobiq n\u00eb nj\u00eb koment t\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb n\u00ebntor mbi \u201cluft\u00ebn e parashikuar\u201d. Ato faj\u00ebsuan elitat etno-nacionaliste dhe komunitetin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, p\u00ebrgjigja e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve, padyshim \u201cq\u00eb krijoi m\u00eb shum\u00eb tension\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ato than\u00eb p\u00ebr Radion Evropa e Lir\u00eb se disa lexues kan\u00eb shprehur leht\u00ebsim se \u201cm\u00eb n\u00eb fund nj\u00eb z\u00eb kund\u00ebr luft\u00ebs doli n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn publike\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cNjer\u00ebzit q\u00eb kan\u00eb jetuar n\u00eb vitet \u201990 natyrisht se kurr\u00eb m\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb thon\u00eb \u2018lufta \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka e pamundur\u2019 sepse e kan\u00eb jetuar nj\u00eb luft\u00eb dhe e din\u00eb se asgj\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur, por s\u00ebrish ideja \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb ata nuk e duan (nj\u00eb luft\u00eb t\u00eb re). Njer\u00ebz t\u00eb tjer\u00eb duan luft\u00ebn p\u00ebr ta\u201d, shtuan ato.<\/p>\n

Gjetja e ndonj\u00eb alternative t\u00eb mundshme p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn e Dejtonit do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte nj\u00eb mendim t\u00eb guximsh\u00ebm dhe kreativ.<\/p>\n

\u201cUn\u00eb jam personi i fundit q\u00eb mund t\u00eb pretendoj se nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb\u201d, tha Vogel, \u201cpor, m\u00ebnyra sesi nuk do t\u00eb mund ta kap\u00ebrceni at\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb duke vazhduar s\u00eb fuqizuari lider\u00ebt nacionalist\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkaq, sipas Bieber, \u201cinterpretimi optimist i pesimizmit\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb se ndryshimi do t\u00eb vije nga vet\u00eb forcat shoq\u00ebrore t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs dhe nga vet\u00eb forcat e saj politike q\u00eb padyshim jan\u00eb jopopullore, n\u00eb vend se ndryshimet t\u00eb imponohen nga jasht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u201cUn\u00eb mund t\u00eb imagjinoj shfaqjen e alternativave politike, edhe n\u00ebse ato nuk jan\u00eb ende t\u00eb dukshme apo mjaft t\u00eb fuqishme p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar realisht dinamik\u00ebn\u201d, tha ai, \u201cpor, kjo nuk n\u00ebnkupton q\u00eb ato nuk t\u00eb mund t\u00eb fuqizohen n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e duhur\u201d.<\/p>\n

Duke paraqitur nj\u00eb mendim t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm, Prelec p\u00ebrshkroi leht\u00ebsin\u00eb me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn boshnjak\u00ebt i shohin linjat, kryesisht t\u00eb pacaktuara, nd\u00ebrmjet etnive m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrafruara, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shtet.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs q\u00eb zgjidhni, nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtim me makin\u00eb nga Sarajeva n\u00eb Banjalluk\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb kaloni disa her\u00eb n\u00eb Federat\u00ebn boshnjake e kroate dhe Republik\u00ebn S\u00ebrpska, dhe dallimi i vet\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb se tabela njoftuese mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb ose n\u00eb latinisht ose n\u00eb cirilik.<\/p>\n

\u201cNuk e keni iden\u00eb se ku \u00ebsht\u00eb vija ndar\u00ebse dhe askush nuk e di\u201d, tha Prelec.<\/p>\n

Me t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb metat, Prelec e vler\u00ebsoi marr\u00ebveshjen e Dejtonit p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn pjes\u00ebrisht.<\/p>\n

\u201cEkziston nj\u00eb lloj fondi apo rezervuari i vullnetit p\u00ebr bashk\u00ebjetes\u00eb q\u00eb vjen nga thjesht t\u00eb jetuarit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb paq\u00ebsore p\u00ebr 26 vjet. Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb, sepse ata kan\u00eb lindur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb bot\u00eb, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb Bosnje t\u00eb Dejtonit\u201d, tha Prelec.<\/p>\n

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