Di\u00e7ka e \u00e7uditshme po ndodh prapa skenave t\u00eb sistemit ton\u00eb financiar. Mediat kryesore po e injorojn\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht at\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb historia m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb bot\u00ebn financiare, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn nuk po flet askush.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Mes shp\u00ebrqendrimeve t\u00eb shkaktuara nga mungesat e furnizimeve dhe inflacioni, nj\u00eb ngjarje e quajtur COP26 n\u00eb Glasgow, Skoci, u p\u00ebrdor p\u00ebr t\u2019iu drejtuar disa prej njer\u00ebzve m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Nga skena, fol\u00ebsit u b\u00ebn\u00eb thirrje lider\u00ebve bot\u00ebror\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb angazhohen p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u201ctranzicion global\u201d t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb son\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb, Banka e Amerik\u00ebs, s\u00eb bashku me 131 vende, 234 qytete dhe 695 nga kompanit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb globit, jan\u00eb angazhuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7uar p\u00ebrpara k\u00ebt\u00eb tranzicion. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u2018transformim\u2019 kan\u00eb investuar edhe disa miliarder\u00eb, ku dallojn\u00eb Jeff Bezos dhe Elon Musk.<\/p>\n
\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo q\u00eb Bezos, Musk dhe shum\u00eb lider\u00eb bot\u00ebror\u00eb po k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet k\u00ebtij \u201ctransformimi\u201d? Dhe \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb kjo p\u00ebr parat\u00eb tuaja?<\/p>\n
Gazetarja investigative dhe ekonomistja e njohur, Nomi Prins, e cila arriti t\u00eb parashikonte kriz\u00ebn financiare t\u00eb vitit 2008, ka ndjekur parat\u00eb\u2026 Dhe ajo q\u00eb ka zbuluar \u00ebsht\u00eb befasuese.<\/p>\n
Nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb t\u00eb tregjeve\u2026 me nj\u00eb monedh\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb rezervave\u2026 apo me fundin e Fiat-it. Prins n\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb televizive p\u00ebr \u201cRogue Economics\u201d thot\u00eb:<\/p>\n
\u201cTeksa shumica e amerikan\u00ebve jan\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebrqendruar nga titujt kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb medias tradicionale, kam gjetur prova se elitat po punojn\u00eb s\u00eb bashku p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u2018transformuar\u2019 ekonomin\u00eb ton\u00eb n\u00eb di\u00e7ka p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ne nuk kemi votuar\u2026 di\u00e7ka q\u00eb nuk e kemi k\u00ebrkuar\u2026 dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn, shum\u00eb pak persona jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb thelb, ne do t\u00eb shohim nj\u00eb \u2018normalitet t\u00eb ri\u2019 t\u00eb huaj, shum\u00eb m\u00eb ekstrem n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Shumica e njer\u00ebzve do t\u00eb tronditen kur t\u00eb shohin se \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb n\u00eb muajt n\u00eb vijim\u201d.<\/p>\n
E v\u00ebrteta q\u00eb askush nuk po e thot\u00eb p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e SHBA<\/strong><\/p>\n Gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz po zgjohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb bot\u00eb plot dhimbje. Si ndiheni, p\u00ebr shembull, kur mbushni makin\u00ebn tuaj me naft\u00eb dhe shikoni q\u00eb \u00e7mimet jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm duke u rritur? Apo kur shkoni n\u00eb dyqan dhe zbuloni se ushqimet tuaja t\u00eb preferuara jan\u00eb zhdukur pa l\u00ebn\u00eb asnj\u00eb gjurm\u00eb? Po kur kontrolloni llogarin\u00eb tuaj bankare?<\/p>\n A ndiheni se jeni n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb ekonomike tani, krahasuar me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb? Epo, n\u00ebse jeni t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuar nga e gjith\u00eb kjo situat\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk jeni t\u00eb vet\u00ebm.<\/p>\n Nomi Prins thot\u00eb: \u201cT\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebt \u2018ekspert\u00eb\u2019, q\u00eb nuk arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb parashikonin kriz\u00ebn e fundit financiare, rritjen e Bitcoin dhe zgjedhjen trondit\u00ebse t\u00eb Donald Trump, po paralajm\u00ebrojn\u00eb p\u00ebr probleme t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb pritet t\u00eb vijn\u00eb. Por p\u00ebrs\u00ebri, ata e kan\u00eb gabim. Dhe n\u00ebse d\u00ebgjoni se \u00e7far\u00eb thon\u00eb ata, do t\u2019ju kushtoj\u00eb shtrenjt\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n S\u00eb fundi, Prins ka dal\u00eb me nj\u00eb parashikim t\u00eb ri trondit\u00ebs. Gjat\u00eb 20 viteve t\u00eb fundit, kjo autore e njohur ka p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e saj n\u00eb disa nga kompanit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha financiare t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs \u2013 duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb JPMorgan Chase, Bear Stearns dhe Goldman Sachs. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb saj t\u00eb madh t\u00eb njohjeve profesionale, ajo ka arritur t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb po ndodh realisht n\u00eb tregjet financiare.<\/p>\n Prins thot\u00eb: \u201cE v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e \u00e7uditshme nga \u00e7\u2019mund t\u00eb mendoni\u201d.<\/p>\n Tani, ajo thot\u00eb se ne jemi n\u00eb prag t\u00eb transferimit m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Amerik\u00ebs \u2013 nj\u00eb transferim prej 150 trilion\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh q\u00eb ajo e quan \u201cDeformimi i Madh\u201d.<\/p>\n Dhe kjo gj\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb vinte n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment m\u00eb vendimtar se ky. T\u00eb kuptuarit e detajeve t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj ngjarjeje t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebj\u00eb ndryshimin midis nj\u00eb pensioni t\u00eb gjat\u00eb e t\u00eb qet\u00eb, dhe vite t\u00eb t\u00ebra \u00ebndrrash t\u00eb thyera, zhg\u00ebnjimesh dhe pendimesh.<\/p>\n Si nj\u00eb ish-drejtuese n\u00eb Wall Street, e cila la pas nj\u00eb karrier\u00eb me fitime prej miliona dollar\u00ebsh, Nomi Prins \u00ebsht\u00eb tani nj\u00eb autore me shum\u00eb botime dhe nj\u00eb nga gazetaret investigative m\u00eb t\u00eb respektuara n\u00eb bot\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr \u201cLegacy Report\u201d, Prins ka tentuar t\u00eb ekspozoj\u00eb p\u00ebr publikun k\u00ebt\u00eb histori, q\u00eb lidhet me nj\u00eb fenomen t\u00eb \u00e7uditsh\u00ebm n\u00eb sistemin financiar n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb. Transferimi i pasuris\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00ebn e 150 trilion\u00eb dollar\u00ebve mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb nj\u00eb kthes\u00eb t\u00eb papritur historike p\u00ebr shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz, duke shkat\u00ebrruar p\u00ebrfundimisht, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, \u00ebndrrat e daljes n\u00eb pension p\u00ebr disa t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb librin e saj bestseller \u201cCollusion\u201d, Nomi Prins ka parashikuar se jemi p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb krize ekonomike, e cila do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb se ajo e vitit 2008. Ajo thot\u00eb se n\u00ebse media tradicionale ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb p\u00ebr di\u00e7ka, at\u00ebher\u00eb ky \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti q\u00eb ne do t\u00eb jemi d\u00ebshmitar\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb krize t\u00eb madhe ekonomike. Por, kjo nuk do t\u2019i ngjaj\u00eb llojit t\u00eb kriz\u00ebs q\u00eb presin shumica e njer\u00ebzve. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshe nga \u00e7do gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb kemi par\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn.<\/p>\n Prins thot\u00eb se \u00e7do gj\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me jet\u00ebn e sotme n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb mund t\u00eb shpjegohet n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet k\u00ebtij grafiku, q\u00eb nga zgjedhja e Donald Trump, klima toksike politike e tanishme, \u00e7mimet e rritura t\u00eb benzin\u00ebs, kostot e shtuara t\u00eb arsimimit dhe t\u00eb kujdesit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor, e deri te mungesat e papritura t\u00eb furnizimeve n\u00eb supermarkete.<\/p>\n Sipas saj, ky grafik gjithashtu shpjegon arsyen pse shumica e njer\u00ebzve, me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb t\u00eb pasurve, gjenden n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb ekonomike n\u00eb koh\u00ebt e sotme.<\/p>\n Nga ky grafik mund t\u00eb shihet ajo q\u00eb Prins e konsideron \u201cshembullin e p\u00ebrsosur t\u00eb nj\u00eb deformimi\u201d. K\u00ebtu mund t\u00eb vihet re se sa shum\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb larguar bota financiare nga realiteti. N\u00eb fillim, dy vijat e k\u00ebtij grafiku p\u00ebrputheshin me nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn, por m\u00eb pas ato nis\u00ebn t\u00eb ndaheshin me ritme gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejta.<\/p>\n N\u00ebse grafiku do t\u00eb maste \u201caf\u00ebrsin\u00eb\u201d e nj\u00eb \u00e7ifti t\u00eb martuar, at\u00ebher\u00eb, me shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi, \u00e7dokush do t\u00eb mendonte se ky \u00e7ift \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e nj\u00eb divorci t\u00eb pashmangsh\u00ebm. I nj\u00ebjti paraleliz\u00ebm mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet edhe p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb dy vijat e k\u00ebtij grafiku.<\/p>\n Vija e sip\u00ebrme p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson rritjen e ekonomis\u00eb financiare t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb, pra Wall Street, Silicon Valley, t\u00eb ashtuquajturat \u201celita\u201d. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, vija e poshtme p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson rritjen e pagave n\u00eb SHBA, pra ajo q\u00eb mund t\u00eb konsiderohet si ekonomia e bot\u00ebs reale. Me pak fjal\u00eb, bota financiare \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cdivorcuar\u201d p\u00ebrfundimisht nga realiteti.<\/p>\n Pjesa m\u00eb e keqe e k\u00ebtij fakti \u00ebsht\u00eb se shumica e njer\u00ebzve shpresojn\u00eb se jeta e tyre do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet m\u00eb e leht\u00eb dhe duan t\u00eb besojn\u00eb se pensioni, jeta dhe karriera e tyre do t\u00eb kthehen n\u00eb normalitet.<\/p>\n Sipas Prins, ky nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti. Jeta, p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e njer\u00ebzve, do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet shum\u00eb m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb \u2013 dhe, akoma m\u00eb konfuze.<\/p>\n \u00c7far\u00eb e solli shk\u00ebputjen e bot\u00ebs financiare nga realiteti?<\/strong><\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb intervist\u00ebs t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr \u201cLegacy Report\u201d, Prins thot\u00eb se shumica e njer\u00ebzve \u201cndjekin rregullat\u201d n\u00eb jet\u00eb, pra, shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb universitet, studiojn\u00eb, m\u00eb pas gjejn\u00eb nj\u00eb pun\u00eb, punojn\u00eb shum\u00eb fort p\u00ebr t\u2019ia dal\u00eb, ndoshta edhe promovohen, kursejn\u00eb para, investojn\u00eb me men\u00e7uri.<\/p>\n Por prap\u00ebseprap\u00eb, atyre u duket sikur kan\u00eb \u201cmbetur prapa\u201d, sikur nuk po kapin dot ritmin e ndryshimit t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr t\u00eb shpjeguar k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen, gjith\u00e7ka kthehet te pyetja: \u00e7far\u00eb e solli \u2018ndarjen\u2019 e ekonomis\u00eb?<\/p>\n Sipas Prins, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nevoja t\u00eb jesh historian \u201cp\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar\u201d at\u00eb q\u00eb po ndodh. N\u00eb vitet 1970, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb presidenc\u00ebs s\u00eb tij, Richard Nixon ndodhej p\u00ebrball\u00eb disa problemeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, po zhvillohej lufta masive n\u00eb Vietnam dhe, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, filloi programi i madh social i ashtuquajtur \u201cShoq\u00ebria e Madhe\u201d.<\/p>\n Si lufta, ashtu edhe ky program i madh shpenzimesh, kishin kosto mjaft t\u00eb larta. Kostoja e tyre e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt ishte rreth 3.2 trilion\u00eb dollar\u00eb, me vler\u00ebn e sotme t\u00eb paras\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar k\u00ebto shpenzime, Nixon b\u00ebri at\u00eb gj\u00eb q\u00eb nuk e kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb asnj\u00eb president tjet\u00ebr m\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/p>\n Nixon ndryshoi m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si do t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohej Dollari Amerikan, duke e hequr Amerik\u00ebn nga standardi i arit. K\u00ebshtu, duke filluar nga viti 1971, oferta e paras\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA u rrit n\u00eb p\u00ebrmasa t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme. Q\u00eb nga ky moment, nj\u00eb val\u00eb parash t\u00eb reja v\u00ebrshoi n\u00eb ekonomi.<\/p>\n E gjith\u00eb kjo val\u00eb e madhe parash q\u00eb futet n\u00eb ekonomi, n\u00eb dukje mund t\u00eb ngjaj\u00eb si di\u00e7ka pozitive. Por, k\u00ebto para nuk p\u00ebrfunduan n\u00eb xhepat e njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb.<\/p>\n Q\u00eb nga ajo koh\u00eb, Wall Street filloi t\u00eb shk\u00ebputej gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb tep\u00ebr nga ajo q\u00eb njihet si \u201cMain Street\u201d \u2013 ekonomia e investitor\u00ebve t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb mes\u00ebm n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb, bizneset e vogla dhe t\u00eb vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsuarit, pra me pak fjal\u00eb, ekonomia reale.<\/p>\n Pavar\u00ebsisht se ky mund t\u00eb duket si nj\u00eb kujtim i larg\u00ebt, viti 1971 ishte nj\u00eb moment ky\u00e7 n\u00eb histori, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin shumica e njer\u00ebzve nuk kan\u00eb informacion. Bota nuk ka qen\u00eb kurr\u00eb m\u00eb e nj\u00ebjta.<\/p>\n Q\u00eb nga ky moment, nga i ashtuquajturi \u201cNixon Shock\u201d, Prins thot\u00eb se sado q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb punojn\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht se sa para kursejn\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht se sa t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm jan\u00eb me investimet q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb, shumica e tyre jan\u00eb varf\u00ebruar. Dhe, me sa duket, situata vet\u00ebm sa do t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsohet p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve.<\/p>\n Prins b\u00ebn pyetjen retorike: \u201cA ka r\u00ebn\u00eb \u00e7mimi i ndonj\u00eb gj\u00ebje q\u00eb nga viti 1971?\u201d<\/p>\n Inflacioni \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fenomen q\u00eb ka ekzistuar prej dekadash. \u00c7mimet jan\u00eb rritur gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Sht\u00ebpit\u00eb, makinat, kostot n\u00eb spitale\u2026 pothuajse \u00e7do gj\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e shtrenjt\u00eb. Por, situata p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Prins po flet \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka shum\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe se kaq. Ajo paralajm\u00ebron se kjo do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, krahasuar me inflacionin e zakonsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n \u201cDeformimi i Madh\u201d tashm\u00eb po ndryshon struktur\u00ebn e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb si asgj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr m\u00eb par\u00eb. Gjith\u00e7ka, nga m\u00ebnyra se si udh\u00ebtojm\u00eb, si investojm\u00eb, vendi ku jetojm\u00eb, \u00e7far\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019u arg\u00ebtuar, madje edhe pamja dhe funksioni i paras\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb n\u00eb 12 muajt e ardhsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n Sipas Prins, \u00e7do aspekt i jet\u00ebs son\u00eb do t\u00eb ndikohet nga kjo zhvendosje e 150 trilion\u00eb dollar\u00ebve, n\u00eb disa m\u00ebnyra q\u00eb shumica e njer\u00ebzve as q\u00eb mund t\u2019i imagjinojn\u00eb. Disa mund t\u00eb pasurohen p\u00ebrtej \u00ebndrrave t\u00eb tyre m\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7mendura, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb mbeten pas, t\u00eb mb\u00ebrthyer n\u00eb nj\u00eb status m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt social dhe ekonomik.<\/p>\n Prins paralajm\u00ebron se n\u00ebse njer\u00ebzit vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb u \u00ebsht\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb se duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve, ata do ta p\u00ebsojn\u00eb shum\u00eb keq.<\/p>\n Shumica e njer\u00ebzve do t\u00eb rr\u00ebshqasin n\u00eb varf\u00ebri dhe nuk do t\u00eb ringrihen m\u00eb kurr\u00eb. Prins shpjegon se, n\u00eb nj\u00ebfar\u00eb m\u00ebnyre, edhe ata q\u00eb marrin nj\u00eb rritje page prej 10% \u00e7do vit do t\u00eb mbeten prapa. Q\u00eb nga viti 2008, \u00e7mimet e banesave jan\u00eb rritur me 124%, nd\u00ebrsa kostoja e nj\u00eb diplome universitare \u00ebsht\u00eb 53% m\u00eb e lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n Q\u00eb nga viti 1971, jeta \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e njer\u00ebzve. Sigurisht, sot ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb produkte dhe pajisje t\u00eb reja, q\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb nuk ekzistonin. Sot ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb \u201cpara\u201d se n\u00eb \u00e7do \u00e7ast tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb historis\u00eb. E megjithat\u00eb, nuk ka qen\u00eb kurr\u00eb m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar jetes\u00ebn.<\/p>\n Arsyeja \u00ebsht\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb. Prins thot\u00eb se t\u00eb gjitha parat\u00eb q\u00eb shtypen dhe futen n\u00eb ekonomi, nuk po bien si bora, pra nuk po shp\u00ebrndahen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb. Ato po grumbullohen n\u00eb vende t\u00eb caktuara, si p\u00ebr shembull n\u00eb Wall Street.<\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb Recesionit t\u00eb Madh, n\u00eb vitin 2008 \u2013 bankat mor\u00ebn triliona dollar\u00eb, sepse ato ishin \u201cshum\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u2019i l\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb falimentonin\u201d. Agjencit\u00eb rregullatore paralajm\u00ebruan amerikan\u00ebt se, n\u00ebse nuk do t\u2019i shp\u00ebtonin bankat, at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballeshin me nj\u00eb kolaps total.<\/p>\n Shumica e k\u00ebtyre parave mbet\u00ebn n\u00eb Wall Street. Jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb paketat e shp\u00ebtimit nga kriza financiare mbush\u00ebn xhepat e Wall Street-it dhe d\u00ebmtuan ekonomin\u00eb reale, por ato e b\u00ebn\u00eb ndarjen mes bot\u00ebs financiare dhe asaj reale shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb.<\/p>\n Oferta e paras\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA<\/strong><\/p>\n Prins vijon t\u00eb shpjegoj\u00eb arsyet e ndryshimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb ekonomi n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet grafikut t\u00eb m\u00ebposht\u00ebm.<\/p>\n Shigjeta jeshile n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb grafik tregon ofert\u00ebn e paras\u00eb p\u00ebrpara Recesionit t\u00eb Madh. N\u00eb vitin 2008, si\u00e7 duket nga grafiku, pati nj\u00eb ndryshim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm. Fillimi i shigjet\u00ebs s\u00eb kuqe tregon vjesht\u00ebn e vitit 2008 \u2013 sakt\u00ebsisht, dat\u00ebn 3 tetor \u2013 kur qeveria federale shp\u00ebtoi bankat, duke u dh\u00ebn\u00eb atyre ndihma shum\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha financiare.<\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb 12 viteve t\u00eb ardhshme, Fed shtypi kaq shum\u00eb dollar\u00eb, saq\u00eb oferta e parave u dyfishua deri n\u00eb vitin 2020. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, qeveria e SHBA-s\u00eb nuk e ka frenuar n\u00eb asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebse shtypjen e gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj sasie t\u00eb parave q\u00eb nga viti 2008. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja pse, sot, po b\u00ebhet gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr amerikan\u00ebt q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb kostot e jetes\u00ebs.<\/p>\n Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur p\u00ebr t\u2019ia dal\u00eb mban\u00eb vet\u00ebm \u201cduke fituar\u201d para n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb pune t\u00eb zakonshme.<\/p>\n Prandaj, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 4 milion\u00eb njer\u00ebz jan\u00eb larguar nga puna \u00e7do muaj q\u00eb nga fundi i vitit t\u00eb kaluar. Prins thot\u00eb se matematika, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb. Pse do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb punonit shum\u00eb, t\u00eb kalonit kaq shum\u00eb koh\u00eb larg familjes suaj, n\u00eb nj\u00eb pun\u00eb tep\u00ebr t\u00eb lodhshme, n\u00ebse \u00e7mimi i gj\u00ebrave q\u00eb d\u00ebshironi t\u00eb blini po rritet m\u00eb shpejt sesa mund\u00ebsia juaj p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar para\u2026?<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Por, n\u00ebse mendoni se dyfishimi i ofert\u00ebs s\u00eb paras\u00eb midis viteve 2008 dhe 2020 nxori ekonomin\u00eb nga shinat, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb mendonit se ndodh kur injektohen menj\u00ebher\u00eb dhjet\u00ebra trilion\u00eb dollar\u00eb n\u00eb sistemin financiar, si\u00e7 ka ndodhur n\u00eb dy vitet e fundit?<\/p>\n Media tradicionale mendon se Rezerva Federale do t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb shtypjen e parave p\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar rritjen e inflacionit. P\u00ebrs\u00ebri, sipas Prins, ata e kan\u00eb gabim. Do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb e kund\u00ebrta.<\/p>\n Me gjith\u00eb trazirat n\u00eb tregje tani, nuk ka absolutisht asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb Rezerva Federale t\u00eb rrezikoj\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb derdhjen e parave n\u00eb ekonomi. Sipas \u201cReason Magazine\u201d, n\u00ebse FED rrit normat e interesit qoft\u00eb edhe me nj\u00eb pik\u00eb, borxhi komb\u00ebtar do t\u00eb rritet me 30 trilion\u00eb dollar\u00eb.<\/p>\n Imagjinoni n\u00ebse normat do t\u00eb ktheheshin n\u00eb 5%, 6%, apo n\u00eb mesataren historike prej 8%. Sipas Prins, n\u00ebse Rezerva Federale ndalon shtypjen e parave dhe normalizon normat e interesit, do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00ebsoj sikur t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthej\u00eb nj\u00eb granat\u00eb mbi veten.<\/p>\n Sipas k\u00ebrkimeve t\u00eb Prins, FED nuk mund t\u00eb rris\u00eb normat aq sa do t\u00eb duhej p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar inflacionin\u2026 dhe absolutisht q\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb me shtypjen e parave.<\/p>\n Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja e gjith\u00eb k\u00ebtyre ndryshimeve t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme q\u00eb po vihen re n\u00eb ekonomi. Si rezultat i k\u00ebsaj, shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz s\u00eb shpejti do t\u00eb varf\u00ebrohen, nd\u00ebrsa disa t\u00eb tjer\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebhen shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb pasur.<\/p>\n Mund\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb sjell kjo kriz\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n Pavar\u00ebsisht t\u00eb gjith\u00eb faktor\u00ebve negativ\u00eb, ka nj\u00eb avantazh n\u00eb mesin e gjith\u00eb k\u00ebtij kaosi. Prins beson se mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb fitime t\u00eb larta, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet disa investimeve t\u00eb zgjuara, nuk ka qen\u00eb kurr\u00eb m\u00eb e mir\u00eb sesa \u00ebsht\u00eb sot.<\/p>\n Sipas Prins, as autoritetet qeveritare, dhe sigurisht, as media tradicionale, nuk do t\u2019i tregojn\u00eb publikut k\u00ebto mund\u00ebsi. Por, n\u00ebse njer\u00ebzit arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb se ku po v\u00ebrshon vala e parave t\u00eb reja q\u00eb po hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb ekonomi, ata mund t\u00eb pozicionohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfituar nga shifra e papritur e 150 trilion\u00eb dollar\u00ebve, duke shum\u00ebfishuar potencialisht pasurin\u00eb e tyre n\u00eb muajt n\u00eb vijim.<\/p>\n Sekretarja e Thesarit e SHBA-s\u00eb, Janet Yellen, aludoi p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ndryshim kur foli me nj\u00eb grup vendimmarr\u00ebsish t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm koh\u00ebt e fundit. Ajo tha se do t\u00eb kishte \u201cnj\u00eb tranzicion global, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin ne kemi edhe nj\u00eb shif\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar prej 100 deri n\u00eb 150 milion\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh p\u00ebr tre dekadat e ardhshme\u201d.<\/p>\n Administrata aktuale n\u00eb SHBA \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb plan, s\u00eb bashku me 136 vende t\u00eb tjera. Plani po mb\u00ebshtetet gjithashtu nga m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 90 banka, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe Bank\u00ebn e Amerik\u00ebs. Miliarder\u00ebt si Jeff Bezos dhe Elon Musk, koh\u00ebt e fundit, kan\u00eb investuar nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb s\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar k\u00ebt\u00eb tranzicion masiv.<\/p>\n N\u00ebse mendoni p\u00ebr tronditjen q\u00eb solli veprimi i Nixon n\u00eb vitin 1971, vlera e dollarit ra dhe \u00e7mimet u rrit\u00ebn s\u00eb tep\u00ebrmi. Njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb u ul\u00ebn, duke pritur p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rikthim n\u00eb normalitet, u ishin n\u00ebn presionin e inflacionit t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Por, investitor\u00ebt q\u00eb blen\u00eb asete t\u00eb forta, si p\u00ebr shembull ari, mund t\u00eb kishin pasur fitime t\u00eb pabesueshme prej 2,300%.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Nj\u00eb situat\u00eb e ngjashme ishte edhe ajo e vitit 2008. P\u00ebrs\u00ebri, njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb u pozicionuan n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb gabuar, u d\u00ebmtuan r\u00ebnd\u00eb, pasi vlera e stoqeve dhe e pasurive t\u00eb paluajtshme ra ndjesh\u00ebm. Por, ata q\u00eb ishin n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb shihnin kasaphan\u00ebn dhe t\u00eb dallonin modelin q\u00eb po krijohej, mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb pasur fitime t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme.<\/p>\n Investitor\u00ebt q\u00eb blen\u00eb nj\u00eb aksion t\u00eb Apple n\u00eb vitin 2008, p\u00ebr shembull, dhe e kan\u00eb mbajtur at\u00eb deri m\u00eb sot, mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb kthyer 1,000 dollar\u00eb n\u00eb 32,500 dollar\u00eb.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi e ngjashme po shfaqet p\u00ebrs\u00ebri tani. Ekonomia ka kaluar kriza t\u00eb shumta, nj\u00ebra pas tjetr\u00ebs. Por p\u00ebrgjigjja ka qen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb: shtypje m\u00eb e madhe e parave. Kjo ka sjell\u00eb shk\u00ebputjen midis \u201cbot\u00ebs reale\u201d dhe \u201cbot\u00ebs financiare\u201d.<\/p>\n Luft\u00ebrat, pandemit\u00eb, p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsimi i kushteve sociale, t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto p\u00ebrballohen n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet shtypjes masive t\u00eb parave.<\/p>\n N\u00eb muajt n\u00eb vijim, Deformimi i Madh do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet m\u00eb i duksh\u00ebm. Tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb filluar t\u00eb duken edhe shenjat e para t\u00eb k\u00ebtij ndryshimi \u2013 gjith\u00e7ka, q\u00eb nga investimet n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e teknologjis\u00eb, t\u00eb artit, t\u00eb transportit dhe t\u00eb arg\u00ebtimit do t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n Por, p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e njer\u00ebzve, faza tjet\u00ebr e k\u00ebtij transformimi t\u00eb plot\u00eb do t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb po aq konfuzion sa dhe energjia elektrike, kur ajo ndri\u00e7oi p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb qytetet tona. Madje, ky tranzicion do t\u00eb jet\u00eb edhe m\u00eb revolucionar se radioja, televizori dhe interneti, t\u00eb cilat transformuan m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si ne komunikojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n Dhjet\u00eb vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb, ne do t\u00eb kthejm\u00eb kok\u00ebn pas dhe do t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se pothuajse \u00e7do industri \u00ebsht\u00eb ristrukturuar rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsisht. Deformimi i Madh \u00ebsht\u00eb transferimi m\u00eb i madh i pasuris\u00eb n\u00eb histori.<\/p>\n Sipas Prins, ju ose mund ta p\u00ebrdorni at\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur ndjesh\u00ebm pasurin\u00eb tuaj, ose mund ta injoroni at\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht, duke shpresuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u201ckthim n\u00eb normalitet\u201d, duke rrezikuar k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb t\u00eb humbisni k\u00ebt\u00eb mund\u00ebsi historike p\u00ebr t\u2019u pasuruar.<\/p>\n Zgjedhja \u00ebsht\u00eb e juaja, thot\u00eb Prins.<\/p>\n N\u00ebse b\u00ebni l\u00ebvizjet e duhura, do t\u00eb keni mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb shijoni pensionin tuaj t\u00eb \u00ebndrrave. Por, p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e njer\u00ebzve, ata q\u00eb zgjedhin ta injorojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrim sot\u2026 ose, edhe m\u00eb keq, ata q\u00eb e shohin at\u00eb dhe nuk arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatiten\u2026<\/p>\n Epo, ata kurr\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje ta falin veten p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb humbje.\/ Monitor<\/a><\/p>\n \n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/378827-1187191-raikfcquaxqncofqfm.stackpathdns.com\/images\/2022\/06\/E-ardhmja-financiare-e-Amerikes-e-shpjeguar-ne-nje-grafik-1034.jpg\")
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