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The results of a digital simulation performed by Chinese scientists show that T cells play a more important role against coronavirus than antibodies. This study was published in the journal Royal Society Open Science.
T lymphocytes or T cells are white blood cells that react to foreign substances, such as viruses that enter the body, which is a key element of the acquired immune response. Through these cells the immune system activates mechanisms for recognizing and destroying cells that carry foreign antigens.
Researchers at Peking University and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences have developed a mathematical model based on accurate descriptions of clinical data from hundreds of Covid-19 patients to understand the role of these cells in preventing severe coronavirus infection and death. .
The results of quantitative modeling of cellular responses indicate that deterioration of T cell antiviral and anti-inflammatory immunity may be fatal for Covid-19 disease. T cells were shown to play a more important role than antibodies in contact with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. They kill up to 96.5% of viral particles in patients with mild disease.
In addition, anti-inflammatory responses such as cytokine inhibition and the rate of tissue repair are directly related to the number of T cells, the production of which is significantly reduced in patients with major health problems. The simulations showed that the lack of T cells led to inflammation and a cytonic storm which is also one of the leading causes of loss of life due to Covid-19.
The authors hope that their discovery will be the basis for a new orientation in the fight against Covid-19, based on the increase in the number of T cells and the development of new vaccines aimed at increasing cellular immunity.
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