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Anemia is a health problem that has to do with an extremely low number of red blood cells or a low amount of hemoglobin. The latter is an iron-rich protein that binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to every tissue and cell. Global anemia rates are extremely high.
The disease affects 1.93 billion people or 27% of the world’s population. Available data from the World Bank, World Health Organization, UNICEF or the Institute of Public Health provide an overview of the prevalence of anemia in our country. Thus, in Albania the percentage of women affected by anemia is 32.8 percent.
The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is 31%. The data show that the prevalence of anemia is higher in rural areas than in urban areas. However, it decreases with increasing maternal education level and wealth index.
Types of Anemia
The most common type of disease is that caused by iron deficiency. The disease occurs when a person does not have enough iron in the body or the absorption of iron is of a poor level. The second type is anemia caused by vitamin deficiency. The disease occurs in the absence of vitamin B12 or folic acid. Aplastic anemia is rare but occurs when the body stops producing sufficient amounts of red blood cells.
This happens as a result of infections, exposure to toxic substances, autoimmune diseases and narcotics. Hemolytic anemia results from the breakdown of red blood cells in the blood or spleen. This can occur as a result of autoimmune diseases or inherited disorders. Anemia as a consequence of a chronic disease is a secondary consequence of diseases such as cancer, kidney disease, liver, thyroid, rheumatism and others.
The Difference Between Iron Deficiency Anemia And That Caused By A Chronic Illness
Anemia as a consequence of a chronic disease occurs when the metabolism of iron in the body is altered. In simpler terms, the body is thrown into defense as a result of inflammation in the immune system, which causes a decrease in hemoglobin and lukewarm absorption of iron. In this case the hemoglobin levels are unchanged and slightly lower than normal which is 9.5 mg / dl. For example if anemia occurs as a result of a cancer, the cancer cells produce certain substances that damage or destroy the red blood cells.
Anemia from chronic diseases affects both women and men. Iron deficiency anemia affects more women. Anemia from chronic diseases is not treated with iron supplements. Any amount of extra iron taken can be harmful depending on the disease. Iron supplements are useful only in the case of anemia caused by iron deficiency.
Iron deficiency anemia can be detected thanks to blood tests. However, it is the symptoms observed by the patients themselves that tell the most about the disease. As we mentioned, fatigue even after sleep, constant cold, yellowing of hands and feet, fever and lethargy are some of them.
How Iron Deficiency Is Treated
Treatment of iron deficiency anemia begins with improving the diet.
Good Nutritional Sources of Iron
Good food sources of iron are:
-Spinach, citrus fruits, blueberries, oysters, peanut butter, pumpkin seeds, beans and lentils, dried fruits. As for supplements, they can only be taken through a doctor. It is advisable to accompany the above foods with foods with vitamin C, such as citrus fruits, peppers, strawberries, etc. / AgroWeb
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