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Amid rocket attacks and bombings following Russian aggression, more than 3 million people have fled Ukraine since March 16.
At this rate, warn officials from the UN Refugee Agency, the exodus could overcome the Syrian crisis of 2015. The number of refugees, according to experts, is expected to be higher, due to delays in reporting numbers from some countries .
About 60% of Ukrainian refugees, or over 2 million, have gone to Poland. Others in Hungary, Moldova, Romania and Belarus.
According to the UN, the number of displaced persons is likely to continue to increase from 100 to 200 thousand per day. The armed conflict in Ukraine first started in 2014, in pro-Russian regions.
“I think it should be noted that the Ukrainians have lived with this war for eight years. So they are not responding to a surprise at the moment. They have thought this. “They certainly lived with a low threat level for eight years,” said Emily Channell, of Harvard University.
The exodus of people from Ukraine due to the war has become the fastest migration crisis in Europe in decades.
The exodus of Ukrainians is almost double the number of refugees registered by the United Nations during the first 11 days of the Kosovo War. About 600,000 Kosovo residents became refugees, and another 400,000 were internally displaced by the end of April 1999.
UNHCR says up to 6.5 million people could eventually leave Ukraine.
Those who have been able to flee to neighboring countries have taken care of their critical needs. But there are concerns for people with disabilities that they can not leave.
“People with good economic opportunities will be the ones who will be able to get out of this crisis soon, and the poorest people will be the ones who will be left behind. So this crisis is also something to think about when we talk about humanitarian aid and refugee aid. Many people will also be elderly and disabled; “Other people with children may not be able to move very easily,” said Emily Channell of Harvard University.
Migration experts acknowledge that recent refugee figures are similar to previous migration crises in Europe, for example 12 million Germans were displaced across Europe during World War II. Or the 2015 crisis in which more than 2 million people arrived in many EU countries, defeating asylum and immigration systems.
Migration experts say they can benefit from the lessons learned.
“In Sweden or Germany, for example, we are seeing that the 2015 protocols have been reactivated to cope with the influx of refugees. “So we can take advantage of the lessons learned from the protocols and strategies we had at the time and adapt them to current needs,” said Jasmijn Slootjes, of the Institute for Migration Policy.
And in an unprecedented move, the European Union agreed to activate the “Temporary Protection Directive”. This means that refugees from Ukraine have been granted a temporary residence permit in the European Union for at least one year, with the possibility of extension for another two years.
“We can see that if the situation escalates, they may feel the need to apply for protection. “It was also very important for the European Union to show support for Ukraine and to do so very quickly.” from the Institute for Migration Policy
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