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In Albania, hunting is divided into two periods; before and after the years “90. Before the “90s. According to hunters, this activity has been a success story.
Not just hunting, but all ecosystem management; fauna, flora, natural resources. Because the state has been strong, functional and specialized in these areas. Hunting has been highly regulated and there has been a political interest in hunting regulation.
“Because the highest leaders of the socialist regime were hunters; Mehmet Shehu was a hunter, Beqir Balluku, Enver Hoxha, Adil Çarçani and many others. It was so important that the preface to the law on hunting was written by Enver Hoxha himself. And the adjustment has been strict. Equipping with strict weapons was not allowed. You had to have political knowledge and professional training. This meant that the number of finders was limited. Also society has not been consumerist. Natural resources were not exploited to the extent they are today and there was no fragmentation of the territory coming from the roads, interventions in ecosystems, hydropower plants, tourist areas, intensive agriculture, pesticides, hormones. The forests have been healthier than today and consequently the fauna that lived, took refuge there was rich, diverse and healthy. ” said the hunter, Bledar Flaga.
In that period there was a specificity that large animals were rare, such as wild boar, roe deer, bear, wolf, jackal. They were rare because most of the population was engaged in agriculture and the human presence in the ecosystem was large.
Today as humans have moved to urban areas, large mammals have been added like wild boar, bear, wolf.
According to experts, this is a direct consequence of the demographic movement, which started after the ’90s and is still developing and will continue to increase. Withdrawing people from mountain pastures, reducing the number of small livestock, these directly affect large mammals.
On the other hand, there is a decrease in animals living in agricultural and semi-agricultural environments; across the plains, in the western lowlands.
“From Tirana to Shkodra pass 2-3 roads, train tracks, extraordinary traffic. This divides the territory in two and reduces the host capacity for the animals. Also tourist places; beaches, constructions, These are migratory bird crossing areas. The moment you narrow the crossing areas, it makes their life difficult and by making their life difficult, it also reduces their number. There is a tendency to change the environmental balances determined by quantitative and qualitative changes of the territory. In addition, after the 1990s, society entered a moral crisis, an identity that was reflected in the political and socio-economic aspects. Hunting was liberalized at that time. Hunters became whole. Control over persons practicing hunting was almost non-existent. This made people in the hunters’ environment approach that they should not even watch the binoculars on TV, let alone take it in their hands. This further reduced the quality of the average hunter, the moral and ethical aspect that was later reflected in the hunters’ approach to this new hunting identity towards the wild fauna being hunted. ” said the hunter, Bledar Flaga.
What is most important, both for environmentalists and hunters, is the preservation of ecosystem balances and the addition of fauna; animals and birds.
The state of that time, before the ’90s, took great care to breed their species and populations.
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